Joining materials



' rials, of which the following is a specifica- Patented May 4, 1926. i

UNITED (STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE 1). warm, or roar Arvrnun, Taxes, ASSIGNOR TO THE TEXAS comment,01*

NEW YORK, n. Y., A conronarxon or TEXAS.

comma mernnrnns.

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Toa-Zl zbk'oin it may concern: I

Be it known, that I, GEORGE D. WHITE, a citizen of the United States,residing in Port Arthur, in the county of Jefferson and State of Texas,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Joining Matetion.

This invention relates to the preparation of compositions for lining andfor joining and binding together the brick work in the refractoryfurnaces and retorts. More particularlylit pertains to the preparationof joining and lining composition capable'of withstanding the action ofchemical gases and vapors at high temperatures.

Among the objects of my invention may be mentioned the .gpreparationofmaterials of this nature that have good fluxing and binding qualities,the preparation of compositions adapted to resist the action of suchgases as chlorin at various temperatures particularly at the extremelyhigh temperatures at which chlorin is commonly used in chemicalreactions, the production of joining materialsthat are not affected bysfidden changes in temperature and which will not crack or shell offwhen subjected to temperature fluctuations, and the making of join.-ingcompositions that will not only resist the action of gases athigh'temperatures but will also be impervious to moisture at low In thepractice of my invention I use two or more substances, having relativelyhigh melting points, one of the substances having a lower melting pointthan the others so that it is capable upon the application of sufficientheat of fluxing with the higher melting point materials and forming apermanent binder for the composition. In the preparation of such acomposition it is necessary to provide a temporary binder to hold thematerials together until the high heat necessary to flux the high meltinpoint materials can be applied. For th1s purpose I employ a materialcapable sugar,

. C I t 7 Application flledlebruary 20, 1920. Serial .No. 860,154.]

of being vaporized at a temperature below the fluxing temperature .of'the permanent binder.

In order to .fully disclose my invention those skilled in the art I willnow describe indetail a particular example thereof, using as types ofthe high melting point materials, flint glass andfire brickanddescribing in detail a preferred method of preparing the composition.

The flint glass ground'to approximately 100 mesh and the fire brickpulverized to approximately mesh are thoroughly mixed together in a drystate and placed in an acid proof kettle to which a portion ofhydrochloric acid is added. The mixture is allowed to stand from 24to'75 hours in order that the acid may-take up any organic matters thatmay be present. 1 Pure water is then added and the m-iicture is agitatedwith air or-steam, the latter being preferred,

and'a temperature of about 212 F. being maintained during the mixing.

From time .to time the water is drawn of and freshwater is added]. Whenthe acid and organic matters have been removed the mixture is placed ona separator sagger in order to thoroughly drain off all the water. Thetemporary binder, which is preferably ,dextrfne but may be some suchmaterial as ordinary Wash soap, molasses, or-brown a plastic mass.placed in the lining of a retort or furnace or used as a joiningmaterial in the'brick work of such furnace or retort. Upon being allowedto set the composition becomes solid and very hard. Heat is then appliedwhich causes the temporary orvaporizable binder to, pass off inthe form,of vapor leaving only traces of residue or carbon behind. For thematerials which I commonly use as a temporary binder this vaporizationoccurs at a, furnace temperature off-approximately 500 F. The heating isthen continued until the flint glass melts and fluxes with the firebrick to form a stable composition.

is then added to the mixture forming This plastic material is then IFeldspar approximately 100 In order to more fully describe my invention,I will now detail a number of examples thereof showing the proportionsby weight of various ingredients which I have found to be suitable forvarious purposes. It is understood that the preparation of thesecompositions may be carried on substantially as has been described inthe example already given. In each case the melting point of thecomposition is stated in order to give an idea of the character of theprodnot, it being understood that whenever par ticular temperatures arestated in this specification that the temperatures so stated are more orless approximate and that they are furnace temperatures, that is, thetemper atures in the furnaces in the construction of which thecompositions were .used.

Number 1.

Flint glass approximately 100 mesh 12%. Fire brick approximately mesh88%. Melting point over 2800 F.

Number 2.

Flint glass approximately 100 mesh 10%. White lead 10%.

Fire brickapproximately 60 mesh Melting point about 2725 F.

- Number 5.

Feldspar approximately 100 mesh 10%. White lead 12%. Fire brickapproximately 60 mesh 78%. Melting point about 2550 F.

Number Zr.

Feldspart approximately 100 mesh 48%. Fire brick approximately 60 mesh52%. Melting point about 2250 F.

N umber 5.

Flint glass approximately 100 mesh 50%. Fire brick approximately 60 mesh50%. Melting point about 1800 F.

Number 6.

Feldspar approximately 100 mesh 30%. Fire brick approximately 6.0 mesh30%. Borax approximately 100 mesh 10%.

Pure silica approximately 100 mesh 30%. Melting point about 2400 F.

Number 7.

Flint glass approximately 100 mesh 40%. J Purefiint silica approximately100 mesh 60%.

Melting point about 2000 F.

Number 8.

- Pure flint silica, approximately 100 mesh 60%.

mesh 40%. Melting point about 2 17 5 F.

. composition Number 1 may colored glaze,

N'u/mber .9.

Flint glass approximately 100 mesh 30%. Feldspar approximately 100 mesh30%. Fire brick approximately 60 mesh 40%. Melting point about 1650 F. v

Number 10.

Flint glass approximately 100 mesh 18%. Flint approximately 100 mesh16%. I Feldspar approximately 100 mesh 10%.

White sand approximately 60 mesh 56%. Melting point about 2325 F. It isunderstood that the proportions of ingredients used in the practice ofmy invention will vary with the purposes in view and that departure maybe made from the particular proportions given in the above instances ofthe invention, the examples being given to show proportions which I havefound advantageous for various purposes, and that the practice of myinvention is not limited to any particular proportions of materialsexcept as limited in the claims.

Ordinarily in. choosing a composition for a given use the melting pointshould be" ccnsidered so that the compound chosenwill have a meltingpoint above the temperature to which it will be subjected. For examplebe used at very high temperatures; it has been tested out inchlorinating retorts and has been found to resist the action of chlorinat temperatures around 2800 F., at which temperature the composition didnot melt iior permit any chlorin gas to escape. Composition Number 5,for example is not adapted for use at that temperature for the exteriorjoints or for furnace linings but at temperatures under 1800 F. it formsan excellent material for such purposes. .Any of the compositions may,however, be used at temperatures below their melting points for walljoints (the interior spaces between refractory walls), since the moltenmass seals all pores and cracks. Composition 2 is similar to Number 1but has lower fusing and melting points. Number 3 forms a good materialfor Wall joints in refractory furnaces at temperatures under 2550" .F.Composition 7 when properly burned is noted for its light grey theinside. being in a vitriocarbon dioxide gas retorts and aluminum chloridretorts and parts. For most of these finely divided form and adextrinous binder uses Number 1 is preferredas it will best mixed withwater into'a plastic'mass for use stand the hi h temperatures generallyemas a mortar or cement and allowed to set in 15 ployed in suc uses.lace, the joining material being completed 5 What I claim is: 1n itsfinal form by applying high tempera- 1. A joining material comprisingflint ture heat to drive off the binder and flux the glass andpulverized fire brick. flint glass.

2. A ]01Dl1'1g material comprising flint In witness whereof I havehereunto set 0 I glass and pulverized fire brick and a tempomy hand andseal this 31st day of January '10 rary vaporizable binder. 1920.

3. A joining material adapted for high temperatures comprising flintglass in a -GEORGE D. WHITE.

